This example shows how to raise errors
DECLARE e_rec emp%ROWTYPE; e1 EXCEPTION; sal1 emp.sal%TYPE; BEGIN SELECT sal INTO sal1 FROM emp WHERE deptno = 30 AND ename = 'WARD'; IF sal1 < 5000 THEN RAISE e1; END IF; EXCEPTION WHEN no_data_found THEN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR (-20001, 'WARD is not there.'); WHEN e1 THEN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR (-20002, 'Less Salary.'); END;